[PATCH v2 6/7] dts: remove multi-inheritance classes
Nicholas Pratte
npratte at iol.unh.edu
Fri Apr 25 20:39:33 CEST 2025
Reviewed-by: Nicholas Pratte <npratte at iol.unh.edu>
On Fri, Mar 14, 2025 at 9:19 AM Luca Vizzarro <luca.vizzarro at arm.com> wrote:
>
> Multi inheritance has proven to be flaky in Python, therefore revert
> back to a simpler approach where classes will only inherit one base
> class. As part of this change, instead of making the
> ScapyTrafficGenerator class inehrit a PythonShell, use simple class
> composition, by making the shell a class attribute.
>
> Signed-off-by: Luca Vizzarro <luca.vizzarro at arm.com>
> Reviewed-by: Paul Szczepanek <paul.szczepanek at arm.com>
> ---
> .../remote_session/interactive_shell.py | 9 +----
> .../testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py | 38 +++++++++----------
> .../traffic_generator/traffic_generator.py | 6 +--
> dts/framework/utils.py | 14 -------
> 4 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/dts/framework/remote_session/interactive_shell.py b/dts/framework/remote_session/interactive_shell.py
> index 6b7ca0b6af..d7e566e5c4 100644
> --- a/dts/framework/remote_session/interactive_shell.py
> +++ b/dts/framework/remote_session/interactive_shell.py
> @@ -37,10 +37,9 @@
> from framework.params import Params
> from framework.settings import SETTINGS
> from framework.testbed_model.node import Node
> -from framework.utils import MultiInheritanceBaseClass
>
>
> -class InteractiveShell(MultiInheritanceBaseClass, ABC):
> +class InteractiveShell(ABC):
> """The base class for managing interactive shells.
>
> This class shouldn't be instantiated directly, but instead be extended. It contains
> @@ -90,20 +89,15 @@ def __init__(
> name: str | None = None,
> privileged: bool = False,
> app_params: Params = Params(),
> - **kwargs,
> ) -> None:
> """Create an SSH channel during initialization.
>
> - Additional keyword arguments can be passed through `kwargs` if needed for fulfilling other
> - constructors in the case of multiple inheritance.
> -
> Args:
> node: The node on which to run start the interactive shell.
> name: Name for the interactive shell to use for logging. This name will be appended to
> the name of the underlying node which it is running on.
> privileged: Enables the shell to run as superuser.
> app_params: The command line parameters to be passed to the application on startup.
> - **kwargs: Any additional arguments if any.
> """
> self._node = node
> if name is None:
> @@ -112,7 +106,6 @@ def __init__(
> self._app_params = app_params
> self._privileged = privileged
> self._timeout = SETTINGS.timeout
> - super().__init__(**kwargs)
>
> def _setup_ssh_channel(self):
> self._ssh_channel = self._node.main_session.interactive_session.session.invoke_shell()
> diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
> index 520561b2eb..78a6ded74c 100644
> --- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
> +++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
> @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
> from .capturing_traffic_generator import CapturingTrafficGenerator
>
>
> -class ScapyTrafficGenerator(PythonShell, CapturingTrafficGenerator):
> +class ScapyTrafficGenerator(CapturingTrafficGenerator):
> """Provides access to scapy functions on a traffic generator node.
>
> This class extends the base with remote execution of scapy functions. All methods for
> @@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ class also extends :class:`.capturing_traffic_generator.CapturingTrafficGenerato
> first.
> """
>
> + _shell: PythonShell
> +
> _config: ScapyTrafficGeneratorConfig
>
> #: Name of sniffer to ensure the same is used in all places
> @@ -82,25 +84,21 @@ def __init__(self, tg_node: Node, config: ScapyTrafficGeneratorConfig, **kwargs)
> tg_node.config.os == OS.linux
> ), "Linux is the only supported OS for scapy traffic generation"
>
> - super().__init__(node=tg_node, config=config, tg_node=tg_node, **kwargs)
> - self.start_application()
> + super().__init__(tg_node=tg_node, config=config, **kwargs)
> + self._shell = PythonShell(tg_node, "scapy", privileged=True)
>
> def setup(self, ports: Iterable[Port]):
> """Extends :meth:`.traffic_generator.TrafficGenerator.setup`.
>
> - Brings up the port links.
> + Starts up the traffic generator and brings up the port links.
> """
> - super().setup(ports)
> self._tg_node.main_session.bring_up_link(ports)
> + self._shell.start_application()
> + self._shell.send_command("from scapy.all import *")
>
> - def start_application(self) -> None:
> - """Extends :meth:`framework.remote_session.interactive_shell.start_application`.
> -
> - Adds a command that imports everything from the scapy library immediately after starting
> - the shell for usage in later calls to the methods of this class.
> - """
> - super().start_application()
> - self.send_command("from scapy.all import *")
> + def close(self):
> + """Close traffic generator."""
> + self._shell.close()
>
> def _send_packets(self, packets: list[Packet], port: Port) -> None:
> """Implementation for sending packets without capturing any received traffic.
> @@ -116,7 +114,7 @@ def _send_packets(self, packets: list[Packet], port: Port) -> None:
> "verbose=True",
> ")",
> ]
> - self.send_command(f"\n{self._python_indentation}".join(send_command))
> + self._shell.send_command(f"\n{self._python_indentation}".join(send_command))
>
> def _send_packets_and_capture(
> self,
> @@ -155,7 +153,7 @@ def _shell_set_packet_list(self, packets: list[Packet]) -> None:
> packets: The list of packets to recreate in the shell.
> """
> self._logger.info("Building a list of packets to send.")
> - self.send_command(
> + self._shell.send_command(
> f"{self._send_packet_list_name} = [{', '.join(map(Packet.command, packets))}]"
> )
>
> @@ -202,7 +200,7 @@ def _shell_create_sniffer(
> """
> self._shell_set_packet_list(packets_to_send)
>
> - self.send_command("import time")
> + self._shell.send_command("import time")
> sniffer_commands = [
> f"{self._sniffer_name} = AsyncSniffer(",
> f"iface='{recv_port.logical_name}',",
> @@ -220,7 +218,7 @@ def _shell_create_sniffer(
> if filter_config:
> sniffer_commands.insert(-1, f"filter='{filter_config}'")
>
> - self.send_command(f"\n{self._python_indentation}".join(sniffer_commands))
> + self._shell.send_command(f"\n{self._python_indentation}".join(sniffer_commands))
>
> def _shell_start_and_stop_sniffing(self, duration: float) -> list[Packet]:
> """Start asynchronous sniffer, run for a set `duration`, then collect received packets.
> @@ -237,12 +235,12 @@ def _shell_start_and_stop_sniffing(self, duration: float) -> list[Packet]:
> A list of all packets that were received while the sniffer was running.
> """
> sniffed_packets_name = "gathered_packets"
> - self.send_command(f"{self._sniffer_name}.start()")
> + self._shell.send_command(f"{self._sniffer_name}.start()")
> # Insert a one second delay to prevent timeout errors from occurring
> time.sleep(duration + 1)
> - self.send_command(f"{sniffed_packets_name} = {self._sniffer_name}.stop(join=True)")
> + self._shell.send_command(f"{sniffed_packets_name} = {self._sniffer_name}.stop(join=True)")
> # An extra newline is required here due to the nature of interactive Python shells
> - packet_strs = self.send_command(
> + packet_strs = self._shell.send_command(
> f"for pakt in {sniffed_packets_name}: print(bytes_base64(pakt.build()))\n"
> )
> # In the string of bytes "b'XXXX'", we only want the contents ("XXXX")
> diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/traffic_generator.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/traffic_generator.py
> index 804662e114..fbd9771eba 100644
> --- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/traffic_generator.py
> +++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/traffic_generator.py
> @@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
> from framework.logger import DTSLogger, get_dts_logger
> from framework.testbed_model.node import Node
> from framework.testbed_model.port import Port
> -from framework.utils import MultiInheritanceBaseClass, get_packet_summaries
> +from framework.utils import get_packet_summaries
>
>
> -class TrafficGenerator(MultiInheritanceBaseClass, ABC):
> +class TrafficGenerator(ABC):
> """The base traffic generator.
>
> Exposes the common public methods of all traffic generators and defines private methods
> @@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ def __init__(self, tg_node: Node, config: TrafficGeneratorConfig, **kwargs):
> self._config = config
> self._tg_node = tg_node
> self._logger = get_dts_logger(f"{self._tg_node.name} {self._config.type}")
> - super().__init__(**kwargs)
>
> def setup(self, ports: Iterable[Port]):
> """Setup the traffic generator."""
>
> def teardown(self, ports: Iterable[Port]):
> """Teardown the traffic generator."""
> + self.close()
>
> def send_packet(self, packet: Packet, port: Port) -> None:
> """Send `packet` and block until it is fully sent.
> diff --git a/dts/framework/utils.py b/dts/framework/utils.py
> index d6f4c11d58..24277633c0 100644
> --- a/dts/framework/utils.py
> +++ b/dts/framework/utils.py
> @@ -299,20 +299,6 @@ def _make_packet() -> Packet:
> return [_make_packet() for _ in range(number_of)]
>
>
> -class MultiInheritanceBaseClass:
> - """A base class for classes utilizing multiple inheritance.
> -
> - This class enables it's subclasses to support both single and multiple inheritance by acting as
> - a stopping point in the tree of calls to the constructors of superclasses. This class is able
> - to exist at the end of the Method Resolution Order (MRO) so that subclasses can call
> - :meth:`super.__init__` without repercussion.
> - """
> -
> - def __init__(self) -> None:
> - """Call the init method of :class:`object`."""
> - super().__init__()
> -
> -
> def to_pascal_case(text: str) -> str:
> """Convert `text` from snake_case to PascalCase."""
> return "".join([seg.capitalize() for seg in text.split("_")])
> --
> 2.43.0
>
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